Publication details
Death and Transmediations: Manuscripts in the Age of Hypertext
2021

Alessio Antonini; Francesca Benatti; Nicola J. Watson, and others

2021
Headline

Hypertext has transformed rather than eliminated manuscript form and value, prompting a new “transmediation” theory that maps material manuscript cues onto digital technologies.

Highlights

The consolidated approaches on manuscript studies involving the analysis of material artefacts are challenged

The mapping between digital and material artefacts outlines a theory of manuscript "transmediations" identifying where and how manuscripts cues are reflected in digital technologies

We elaborate the requirements of a hypertext "genre" for digital manuscripts that supports reconciling the open-ended collaborative process of curation with the need for a coherent narrative addressed to the broader public

Synopsis
Summary

Snapshot

Hypertext has transformed rather than eliminated manuscript form and value, prompting a new “transmediation” theory that maps material manuscript cues onto digital technologies.

Key findings

Material manuscripts and hypertext share comparable documentary values, allowing their cues to be traced across media.

A theory of manuscript “transmediations” can systematically locate where manuscript cues appear in digital environments.

Current scholarly editions face challenges in accommodating open‑ended, collaborative curation while delivering coherent public narratives.

The mapping between digital and material artefacts outlines a theory of manuscript "transmediations" identifying where and how manuscripts cues are reflected in digital technologies

We elaborate the requirements of a hypertext "genre" for digital manuscripts that supports reconciling the open-ended collaborative process of curation with the need for a coherent narrative addressed to the broader public

Objectives

To integrate digital artefacts into manuscript studies and reveal their relationship to traditional material manuscripts.

Methods

The research employs emerging digital‑forensic and “virtual desk” methodologies, combined with qualitative case‑study analyses of specific digital transitions from manuscript to hypertext.

Results

Identification of concrete parallels between material manuscript features (e.g., marginalia, collation) and hypertextual elements (e.g., hyperlinks, versioning).

Formulation of the transmediation model that maps manuscript cues onto digital affordances.

A set of highlighted challenges for digital scholarly editions, including maintaining narrative coherence amid collaborative editing.

Conclusions

Hypertext does not eradicate the manuscript tradition; instead, it reconfigures it through transmediations that preserve documentary value while demanding new editorial strategies and genre conventions for digital scholarship.

Key terms

digital artefact

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Abstract References
Study features
Snapshot methods
Snapshot results
Snapshot conclusions

Limitations

The full nature and relational dynamics of native‑digital manuscripts remain under‑explored, limiting the completeness of the transmediation model.

Reliance on emerging digital‑forensic tools, which are still being refined, may affect the robustness of findings.

Future work

Conduct deeper empirical investigations of native‑digital manuscript ecosystems using advanced digital‑forensic techniques.

Refine and test the transmediation framework across a broader range of case studies and disciplinary contexts.

Develop guidelines for scholarly editions that balance collaborative curation with narrative coherence.

Practical applications

Inform the design of digital scholarly editing platforms that embed transmediation principles, ensuring manuscript cues are preserved in hypertext environments.

Guide publishers and digital humanities projects in creating a hypertext “genre” that supports both collaborative workflows and accessible public narratives.

Comparative analysis
Detail
Spotlight
Important contexts
Contributions
Important points

the consolidated approaches on manuscript studies involving the analysis of material artefacts are challenged

material artefacts outlines a theory of manuscript "transmediations

how manuscripts cues are reflected in digital technologies

This theory is developed through case studies and analyses of digital transitions

we elaborate the requirements of a hypertext "genre

the open-ended collaborative process of curation with the need for a coherent narrative addressed to the broader public

The consolidated approaches on manuscript studies involving the analysis of material artefacts are challenged

We elaborate the requirements of a hypertext "genre

Key concepts
Abstract
Has Hypertext killed off both the form and value of manuscript? Digital authoring first and web authoring later have changed drastically the availability and type of traces that reflect both creative and editorial processes. In this view, the consolidated approaches on manuscript studies involving the analysis of material artefacts are challenged. While new methodologies such as digital "forensics" and "virtual desks" are emerging, the nature and relations of native-digital manuscripts are yet to be fully investigated. This contribution accounts digital artefacts within the field of manuscript studies, identifying parallels between material manuscripts and hypertext features in their value as documents. The mapping between digital and material artefacts outlines a theory of manuscript "transmediations" identifying where and how manuscripts cues are reflected in digital technologies. This theory is developed through case studies and analyses of digital transitions. In a discussion, we highlight key challenges and future directions for scholarly editions of digital manuscripts. Lastly, we elaborate the requirements of a hypertext "genre" for digital manuscripts that supports reconciling the open-ended collaborative process of curation with the need for a coherent narrative addressed to the broader public.
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References
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